Tandy Corporation Wikipedia. Tandy Corporation was an American family owned leather goods company based in Fort Worth, Texas. Tandy Leather was founded in 1. Radio. Shack in 1. In 2. 00. 0, the Tandy Corporation name was dropped and the entity became the Radio. Shack Corporation. Tandy Deskmate Download' title='Tandy Deskmate Download' />Tandy Corporation was an American familyowned leather goods company based in Fort Worth, Texas. Tandy Leather was founded in 1919 as a leather supply store and. The Tandy 1000 was the first in a line of moreorless IBM PC compatible home computer systems produced by the Tandy Corporation for sale in its RadioShack chain of. HistoryeditTandy began in 1. Norton Hinckley and Dave L. Tandy, decided to start the Hinckley Tandy Leather Company and concentrated their efforts on selling sole leather and other supplies to shoe repair dealers in Texas. Hinckley and Tandy opened their first branch store in 1. Beaumont, Texas and in 1. Dave Tandy moved the store from Beaumont to Houston, Texas. Tandys business survived the economic storms of the Depression, gathered strength and developed a firm presence in the shoe findings business. Dave Tandy had a son, Charles Tandy, who was drafted into the business during his early twenties. Welcome to ExtremeTechs comprehensive RAM guide, in which well answer a broad range of questions related to how much system RAM you need these days, whether or. Open DOC file for free, Instant scan for. DOC extension errors,Alternate Sources Data file errors. Xerox 6085 1985 Produced from 1985 to 1989, the Xerox 6085 was the culmination of Xerox innovation in graphical user interfaces, networking and object oriented. Tandy DeskMate 3. Desktop version 3. Screen Shots. Tandy DeskMate is a desktop environment that integrates with a number of useful bundled applications. Tandy Deskmate Download' title='Tandy Deskmate Download' />Charles obtained a B. A degree at Texas Christian University then began attending the Harvard Business School to further expand his education. As World War II escalated Charles was called to serve his country in the military and relocated to Hawaii. He wrote his father from overseas suggesting that leathercraft might offer new possibilities for growing the shoe finding business since the same supplies were used widely in Navy and Army hospitals and recreation centers. Leathercraft gave the men something useful to do and their handiwork, in addition to being therapeutic, had genuine value. Charles Tandy returned home from the service as a Lieutenant Commander in 1. He had encouraged and followed the development of that venture through correspondence with his father. Within a short time Charles succeeded in opening the first of two retail stores in 1. Mr. Hinckley did not share the enthusiasm of Dave and Charles Tandy for the new leathercraft division. As a result, the two original founders came to an agreement in 1. Hinckley would continue to pursue the shoe findings business and the Tandy partners would specialize in promoting leathercrafts. The first Tandy Catalog, only 8 pages long, was mailed to readers of Popular Science magazine who had responded to two inch test ads that were placed by Tandy. From 1. 95. 0 forward Tandy operated retail mail order stores supported by direct mail advertising. This successful formula helped the company expand into a chain of some 1. A growing do it yourself movement prompted by a shortage of consumer goods and high labor costs continued to gather momentum. The fifteen leathercraft stores opened during this divisions first two years of operation became quite successful. Tandy began expanding by gaining new product lines the first acquisition was with the American Handicrafts Company which featured a broad line of do it yourself handicraft products, two established retail stores in the New York market, and useful knowledge of school and institutional markets. Sixteen additional retail stores were opened in 1. Tandy Leather was a thriving company with leased sales sites in 7. United States. Tandy Leather became an attractive commodity and was purchased in 1. American Hide and Leather Company of Boston name change in 1. General American Industries. Charles continued to maintain control of managing the Tandy Leather division while owned by GAI. During 1. 95. 6, General American Industries acquired three other companies unrelated to the leather industry and a struggle for control of the parent company began. Charles saw the need to emancipate from the direction initiated by GAI. He used all his resources, raised additional money, and exercised his right to purchase the 5. When the votes were counted on the day of that pivotal stockholders meeting, the Tandy group took management control of General American Industries. Acquisition of Merribee and Radio. ShackeditTandy had a landmark year in 1. The company name was changed to Tandy Corporation and the corporate headquarters were moved to Fort Worth, Texas where Charles Tandy became the President and Chairman of the Board. Tandy Leather was operating 1. United States and Canada and expansion was the name of the game. Tandy acquired the assets of Merribee Art Embroidery Co., manufacturer and retailer of needlecraft items, as well as 5 other companies, including Cleveland Crafts Inc. Werner Magnus, to help run the newly acquired Merribee division. The first of the Tandy Marts was also opened in Fort Worth in December 1. Charles Tandy believed that the do it yourself movement had gained sufficient momentum to support a new merchandising concept. The first Tandy Mart had twenty eight different shops all devoted to craft and hobby merchandise and included American Handicraft, Tandy Leather, Electronics Crafts and Merribee in an area of about 4. Charles Tandy became intrigued with the potential for rapid growth that he saw in the electronics retail industry during 1. He found Radio. Shack in Boston, a mail order company that had started in the twenties selling to ham operators and electronics buffs. By April 1. 96. 3, the Tandy Corporation acquired management control of Radio. Shack Corporation and within two years, Radio. Shacks 4 million loss was turned into a profit under the leadership of Charles Tandy. Sales were going well for Tandy during this time. The beads fringe days were in full swing with the hippy era and the Nature Tand look was a big seller for belts, purses, sandals and wristbands. Under the leadership of Lloyd Redd President and Al Patten VP of Operations, the company prospered. The number of Tandy store fronts skyrocketed over the next five to six years by growing from 1. Ground broke in downtown Fort Worth for the construction of the Tandy Towers in 1. The 1. 8 story office building was initiated as Phase I of a massive downtown development with plans to cover eight city blocks, become the new headquarters of the Tandy Corp. It contained an upscale retail shopping center with an indoor ice skating rink and had its own privately owned subway system. The Tandy Corporation Board of Directors then announced a plan to separate Tandys businesses into three distinct publicly held companies. The two new companies would be named Tandycrafts, Inc. Tex Tan Hickok, Inc. This plan was publicized as a strategy to provide intensive leadership and tailored management of the three distinct and diverse businesses of the company, each of which recently had reached a substantial size. Consignment Pos Software. With this transition, Radio. Shack and Tandy Leather Company were no longer under the same corporate umbrella. Wray Thompson was promoted to President of Tandy Leather Company in 1. Dave Ferrill was promoted to the position of National Sales Manager they oversaw 2. Ron Morgan was promoted to the Eastern Divisional VP in 1. Although they opened their 3. Nature Tands products had begun to slide as reflected by their sales and profit records. Charles Tandy died on November 4, 1. Concurrently, key stakeholders began to question the direction of the company. Wray Thompson subsequently made the career decision to resign from his position as President and later started The Leather Factory with Ron Morgan, which eventually purchased Tandy Leather Corporation in 2. Computersedit. A Tandy laptop computer, the 1. LTTandy was one of three companies along with Commodore International, and Apple that started the personal computer revolution in 1. Their TRS 8. 0 1. TRS 8. 0 Color Computer Co. How much RAM do you need, should you upgrade it, and will it speed up your PC Welcome to Extreme. Techs comprehensive RAM guide, in which well answer a broad range of questions related to how much system RAM you need these days, whether or not its worth it to upgrade older systems, and whether DDR3 or DDR4 the new main types of system RAM is a better investment option. Its interesting to look back and see how much things have changed over the past twenty years. People have been writing RAM guides for decades, but back when I was learning about computing, much more emphasis was paid to the specific technical implementation of any given RAM standard. Fast Page Mode RAM, EDO RAM, SDRAM, DDR, and RDRAM are just a few of the standards that existed elbow to elbow, and which type of memory your system used often determined if it was worth upgrading. Nowadays, things are simpler. While a few of you may still have DDR2 based equipment from 2. DDR3. Thats the memory standard well focus on if you have DDR2 related questions youre welcome to drop them in the comments. How much RAM do you need How much RAM you need in a system depends on what you intend to do with it, how long you intend to keep it, and whether or not you can upgrade your memory post purchase. This last point is important, as many high end laptops have eliminated user upgradeable RAM in order to reduce system thickness by roughly six nanometers. Adding additional RAM to any laptop generally increases power consumption by a measurable if small amount, but this shouldnt be an issue for most users. Its also better to have a bit too much RAM than too little, as whatever you gain in power savings youll promptly lose to increased disk paging. Apples Mac. Book Air offers 4. GB of RAM, but most of the systems from Dell, HP, and other OEMs start at 8. GB, and I think thats the better sweet spot. Thats not to say you cant get by on 4. GB you absolutely can but 8. GB gives you a bit more breathing room. The Mac. Book Air ushered in the era of soldered DRAM. Everyone followed. Theres at least some evidence that modern desktop applications have slowed the rate at which they demand more RAM. From 1. 99. 0 to 2. Photoshops minimum RAM requirement rose from 2. MB to 6. 4MB, a 3. It took another 1. MB in 2. 00. 0 to 2. GB in 2. 01. 6. A lightweight system today can get by with 4. GB of RAM. 8. GB should be plenty for current and near term future applications, 1. GB gives you comfortable space for the future, and anything over 1. GB is likely overkill unless you specifically know you need it such as for video editing or audio post production. This holds true for desktops as well as laptops. DDR3 or DDR4 Right now theres plenty of DDR3 systems still being sold, but DDR4 has already begun to replace it on the mass market. If youre building a new system and dont have a specific reason to use DDR3, wed recommend buying hardware thats compatible with DDR4. With that said, if your system does use DDR3, thats not the problem that it used to be. In the old days, a computer stuck on, say, PC1. SDRAM was at an intrinsic performance disadvantage compared with systems that used DDR, particularly at higher clock speeds. Thats less true than it used to be, and it may make sense to upgrade a DDR3 system depending on what you have and when you bought it. The reason to use DDR4 at this point has more to do with long term memory pricing trends and future compatibility than fundamental performance. Well explore current price and the performance question later in this guide. Does faster RAM boost system performance Short answer Sometimes, but not by much. Medium answer It depends on other system components, workload, and whether or not youre using integrated graphics. Longer answer See below. RAM performance is controlled by two metrics Clock speed and access latency. Access latencies tend to fall much more slowly than clock rates as this diagram shows, the memory cell cycle time of PC1. DDR4 2. 13. 3. DDR4 doesnt match DDR3 2. DDR4 4. 26. 6. RAM cycle times at various clock speeds. Cms Software Dvr. Conventional wisdom is that RAM latency has become relatively less important in recent years, thanks to a combination of factors. Back when L2 caches were small, memory controllers were off die and clocked at a fraction of CPU speed, and there were no L3 caches, memory latency had a larger impact on overall system performance. Modern CPUs are typically backed by 5. MB of L2 per core, and 1. MB to 2. MB of L3 cache per core. Memory controllers are now integrated on die and run at full processor speed. As a result, RAM latency simply doesnt play as large a part as it once did in determining performance. As for raw memory bandwidth, the same large caches that minimize the impact of RAM latency in most applications also limit the impact of memory bandwidth. Desktop applications are, for the most part, latency sensitive, not bandwidth sensitive. These performance results are from Corsair, but they match extensive testing on the topic. AMD APUs love fast DRAM. Theres one major exception to this rule Integrated graphics performance. Both Intel and AMD integrated graphics see some benefit from higher speed memory, but the gains are particularly large on the AMD side. This has proven true for every APU since at least Trinity, and will likely continue to be accurate for DDR4 based hardware. The advent of HBM2 in APUs will finally throw open the bandwidth floodgates until then, integrated graphics will always be somewhat bandwidth limited. What about high end gaming performanceUntil recently, I wouldve told you that high speed RAM had very little impact on high end gaming. A recent report from Digital Foundry, however, appeared to show otherwise. Digital Foundrys full review is worth a read they tested a Core i. K with a GTX Titan X at 1. DDR4 and of higher clock speeds. What weve done below is map the gains they saw from overclocking DDR4 from 2. MHz to either 3. 06. MHz or 3. 20. 0MHz. These two clock speeds always delivered the best performance, but some titles showed the greatest gains at 3. MHz and regressed at 3. GHz, while others showed continual improvement. This dataset is limited, but it does point to some general trends. First, minimum frame rates tend to increase more than average frame rate. Second, the gains are title specific Battlefield 4, Crysis 3, and COD Advanced Warfare all see gains under 1. GTA V, Far Cry 4, and The Witcher 3 are all at or above the 1. Assassins Creed Unity splits the difference, with a 1. The Digital Foundry team claims to see a similar set of results when using faster DDR3 in Fallout 4 and a GTX 9. As this screenshot shows, FO4s minimum frame rate rises dramatically when paired with DDR3 2. DDR3 1. 60. 0. Image by Digital Foundry. Again, however, a caveat is in order. Gamebryo games have always tended to be very friendly to more memory bandwidth much more so than you would otherwise expect. Weve seen this in Skyrim, and were seeing it, apparently, in Fallout 4 as well. Tech. Spot has more on this, and their data shows that Intel chips gain more than AMD does from faster DDR3. This actually makes sense the FX 8. L3 and integrated memory controller are clocked at 2. GHz, and the FX 8. RAM. The non Fallout 4 gains arent huge, considering that were increasing RAM clock by 5.