This page has some of the circuits and component models that I have developed with LTSpice. Linear Technology Corps LTSpice is a wonderful, free, veryeasytouse. EPanorama Software and tools section. The Hardware Book v1. The Hardware Book contains miscellaneous technical information about computers and other electronic. LTspice is a high performance SPICE simulator, schematic capture and waveform viewer with enhancements and models for easing the simulation of switching regulators. A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food. Spices are distinguished from herbs, which. Ancillary Material Install on TOP of ICAP4Demo software above. ICAP4 PCB Export 19 Meg Download ICAP4 contains a Bartels AutoEngineer PCB demo. Spice Wikipedia. A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food. Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems from plants used for flavoring or as a garnish. Sometimes, spices may be ground into a powder for convenience. Many spices have antimicrobial properties. This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling. Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable. HistoryeditEarly historyeditThe spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at least 2. BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper. The Egyptians used herbs for mummification and their demand for exotic spices and herbs helped stimulate world trade. The word spice comes from the Old French word espice, which became epice, and which came from the Latin root spec, the noun referring to appearance, sort, kind species has the same root. By 1. 00. 0 BCE, medical systems based upon herbs could be found in China, Korea, and India. Early uses were connected with magic, medicine, religion, tradition, and preservation. Cloves were used in Mesopotamia by 1. BCE. note 1 The ancient Indian epic. Ramayana mentions cloves. Benefits of Using LTspice IVBenefits of Using LTspice IV Stable SPICE circuit simulation with Unlimitednumberofnodes Outperforms payfor options. The Romans had cloves in the 1st century CE, as Pliny the Elder wrote about them. The earliest written records of spices come from ancient Egyptian, Chinese, and Indian cultures. The Ebers Papyrus from Early Egyptians that dates from 1. B. C. E. describes some eight hundred different medicinal remedies and numerous medicinal procedures. Historians believe that nutmeg, which originates from the Banda Islands in Southeast Asia, was introduced to Europe in the 6th century BCE. Indonesian merchants traveled around China, India, the Middle East, and the east coast of Africa. Arab merchants facilitated the routes through the Middle East and India. This resulted in the Egyptian port city of Alexandria being the main trading center for spices. The most important discovery prior to the European spice trade were the monsoon winds 4. CE. Sailing from Eastern spice cultivators to Western European consumers gradually replaced the land locked spice routes once facilitated by the Middle East Arab caravans. In the story of Genesis, Joseph was sold into slavery by his brothers to spice merchants. In the biblical poem Song of Solomon, the male speaker compares his beloved to many forms of spices. Free Download Openerp Source Code. Middle AgeseditSpices were among the most demanded and expensive products available in Europe in the Middle Ages,5 the most common being black pepper, cinnamon and the cheaper alternative cassia, cumin, nutmeg, ginger and cloves. Given medieval medicines main theory of humorism, spices and herbs were indispensable to balance humors in food,6 a daily basis for good health at a time of recurrent pandemics. In addition to being desired by those using medieval medicine, the European elite also craved spices in the Middle Ages. An example of the European aristocracys demand for spice comes from the King of Aragon, who invested substantial resources into bringing back spices to Spain in the 1. He was specifically looking for spices to put in wine, and was not alone among European monarchs at the time to have such a desire for spice. Spices were all imported from plantations in Asia and Africa, which made them expensive. CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation, Third Edition. General Book Information. Published by WileyIEEE Press, ISBN 9780470881323, 3 rd Edition, 2010. From the 8th until the 1. Republic of Venice had the monopoly on spice trade with the Middle East, and along with it the neighboring Italian maritime republics and city states. The trade made the region rich. It has been estimated that around 1,0. Western Europe each year during the Late Middle Ages. The value of these goods was the equivalent of a yearly supply of grain for 1. A collection of free and paid circuit drawing softwares which can be used to draw wiring diagrams, schematic diagrams, electronic circuit diagrams. Circuit Simulation Software Spice' title='Circuit Simulation Software Spice' />The most exclusive was saffron, used as much for its vivid yellow red color as for its flavor. Spices that have now fallen into obscurity in European cuisine include grains of paradise, a relative of cardamom which mostly replaced pepper in late medieval north French cooking, long pepper, mace, spikenard, galangal and cubeb. Early Modern PeriodeditSpain and Portugal were not happy to pay the high price that Venice demanded for spices. The control of trade routes and the spice producing regions were the main reasons that Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama sailed to India in 1. When Gama discovered the pepper market in India, he was able to secure peppers for a much cheaper price than the ones demanded by Venice. At around the same time, Christopher Columbus returned from the New World, he described to investors new spices available there. Another source of competition in the spice trade during the 1. Ragusans from the maritime republic of Dubrovnik in southern Croatia. The military prowess of Afonso de Albuquerque 1. Portuguese to take control of the sea routes to India. In 1. 50. 6, he took the island of Socotra in the mouth of the Red Sea and, in 1. Ormuz in the Persian Gulf. Circuit Simulation Software Spice' title='Circuit Simulation Software Spice' />Since becoming the viceroy of the Indies, he took Goa in India in 1. Malacca on the Malay peninsula in 1. The Portuguese could now trade directly with Siam, China, and the Maluku Islands. The Silk Road complemented the Portuguese sea routes, and brought the treasures of the Orient to Europe via Lisbon, including many spices. With the discovery of the New World came new spices, including allspice, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate. This development kept the spice trade, with America as a late comer with its new seasonings, profitable well into the 1. Contemporary historyeditOne issue with spices today is dilution, where spices are blended to make inferior quality powdered spices, by including roots, skins and other admixture in production of spice powder. Circuit Simulation Software Spice' title='Circuit Simulation Software Spice' />Classification and typesedit. A spice shop selling a variety of spices in Iran. Culinary herbs and spiceseditBotanical basiseditSeeds, such as fennel, mustard, nutmeg, and black pepper. Fruits, such as Cayenne pepper. Arils, such as mace part of nutmeg plant fruitBarks, such as cinnamon and cassia. Flower buds, such as cloves. Stigmas, such as saffron. Roots and rhizomes, such as turmeric, ginger and galingale. Resins, such as asafoetida. Common spice mixturesedit. Night spice shop in Casablanca, Morocco. Handling spiceseditA spice may be available in several forms fresh, whole dried, or pre ground dried. Generally, spices are dried. A whole dried spice has the longest shelf life, so it can be purchased and stored in larger amounts, making it cheaper on a per serving basis. A fresh spice, such as ginger, is usually more flavorful than its dried form, but fresh spices are more expensive and have a much shorter shelf life. Some spices are not always available either fresh or whole, for example turmeric, and often must be purchased in ground form. Small seeds, such as fennel and mustard seeds, are often used both whole and in powder form. To grind a whole spice, the classic tool is mortar and pestle. Less labor intensive tools are more common now a microplane or fine grater can be used to grind small amounts a coffee grindernote 2 is useful for larger amounts. A frequently used spice such as black pepper may merit storage in its own hand grinder or mill.